Screening mammogram appointment takes about 30 minutes with breast compression lasting only 20 to 30 seconds for each view using low dose X-rays
A mammogram uses low dose X-rays to create images of breast tissue. It detects lumps that are too small to feel by hand. Medical experts recommend that women at average risk for breast cancer get a mammogram every year beginning at age 40. Women with a higher risk of breast cancer should speak with their doctor to find out when they should start having mammograms. A mammogram is the best way to find breast cancer early, when it’s easier to treat.
Preparing for the appointment
Schedule your mammogram after you have your period. If you haven’t started menopause, schedule for the week after your menstrual period when breasts are usually less tender. Skip the hygiene products before your appointment. You can’t wear deodorant, powder, perfume, lotion, or ointment around the chest area. If you apply any of these items, they may show up as artifacts on X-rays and could be mistaken for a potentially significant finding.
Wear a two piece outfit so you only have to remove your top. The person doing your mammogram will give you a gown or robe to wear. Do not wear jewelry like necklaces that would need removal before the mammogram. You may find it easier to leave any jewelry at home. Bring your doctor’s information to the appointment. Some mammogram facilities do not require a referral to schedule, but if your doctor ordered the mammogram, have their name, address, and phone number ready.
During the exam
The entire mammogram appointment takes about 30 minutes. When you arrive, you’ll check in and then go to a private area to change into your robe. The mammography technologist will ask questions about your medical history, such as whether you’ve ever had any surgeries or biopsies. This helps the technologist know what to look for and ensures you get the right type of exam.
During the mammogram, the technologist will position each of your breasts in a mammography machine, one at a time. Each breast will be compressed for only 20 to 30 seconds for each view. Typically two views are done during a screening mammogram. The compression of the breasts can be uncomfortable, but it’s not for very long. Compression is important because it allows the breast tissue to spread and flatten, ensuring a clear view and reducing the amount of radiation needed.
Safety and radiation exposure
Mammograms are very safe. An annual screening mammogram uses a very low dose of radiation. The amount of radiation used is not harmful. A radiologist will review your mammogram and send your doctor a report. You can typically expect to see your results within 48 to 72 hours, depending on your facility’s procedures.
Understanding results and follow up
It’s common to get results stating that you need additional imaging after your first mammogram. That’s often because your doctor doesn’t have previous mammogram images for comparison. The additional imaging you need may be another mammogram, called a diagnostic mammogram, or a breast ultrasound to evaluate a particular finding. Keep in mind that the need for additional imaging does not mean you have cancer.
The finding may just be due to cysts, dense breast tissue, or the result of an unclear image. Your breasts are made up of fatty and glandular tissue. If you have dense breasts, that means you have more glandular breast tissue. This can make it harder to spot breast cancer on a screening mammogram. Breast cysts are fluid filled sacs that may show up on your screening mammogram. They are not cancerous and do not increase your risk for developing cancer.
Be sure to save your mammogram results and take them to your doctor to review after each mammogram. Don’t put off your mammogram. Regular breast cancer screening can help detect breast cancer early when the chances for successful treatment are highest.